Once the insect's "armor" has been penetrated its internal organs are saturated and the insect is immediately destroyed. De Flea Sprays and Shampoos work against all life stages of an insect and quickly and effectively eliminate all parasitic insects from the animal and its environment - without the use of chemical or toxic ingredients. De Flea does not affect the "host" and parasites can not become resistant or immune - no "ghost" fleas. De Flea is safe to use in conjunction with "spot-on" flea and tick protection and can be used on pets bedding carpets furniture as well as directly on the pet. NOT FOR USE ON KITTENS OR CATS.